http://traderfeed.blogspot.ca/2017/0...-horizons.html
TraderFeed
Exploiting the edge from historical market patterns
MONDAY, MARCH 06, 2017
Readings to Expand Our Trading Horizons
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vNuVkHy4S...eLandscape.jpg
That's the beauty of gathering informed perspectives from across the financial world: we gain perspective by standing apart from our own views. Here are some great readings I've recently come across:
* Investment advice from the world's greatest stock picker and what it means for the financial world. This is very relevant for the retirement money you don't trade and put at day-to-day risk in markets but yet hope to build.
* Why momentum is the premier anomaly in stock pricing and other great perspectives from Abnormal Returns.
* An eye-opening assessment of why smart-beta strategies might not be so intelligent. Note the interesting conclusion about complex market strategies.
* Top trading articles from Steve Burns, including one on the highs we get from making money in markets.
* A hard look at whether we can we trust academic research published in finance. While the world is crowing over how quantitative approaches have taken over the world, the truth is that the ones making money are the ones that are methodologically sound.
* Trading outcomes are just as much a result of cognitive skill as personality traits. A different view with big implications for identifying talented traders.
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 2017
A Cognitive View of Trading Psychology
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-KpnsEV7vz...0/EyesView.jpg
A common view, held among traders and coaches of traders, is that emotional factors account for the difference between trading success and trading failure. Some hold that emotions should be controlled, held in check, and made secondary to the discipline of rules. Others hold that emotions should be accepted and experienced in a mindful way and, when possible, used as information. In either case, the goal is to ensure that decision making is achieved through a proper trading process and not driven by the emotional experiences and impulses of the moment.
I believe this emotive view of trading performance is incorrect and, in fact, is not plausibly asserted in any other performance domain. No one, for example, would contend that the path to reaching grandmaster status in chess is a function of successfully dealing with one's feelings. Emotional self-control, while necessary for exemplary performance, is hardly sufficient. Very often, emotional loss of control is the result of poor performance and not its primary cause.
Consider an algorithmic trading system that has been overfit, using many predictors over a lookback period to anticipate future price behavior. Such an overfit system has negative expected returns, but hardly because emotional factors have interfered with its performance. Rather, it is generalizing from improperly derived rules, assuming that the future will rigidly replicate the past.
My years of working with traders as a performance psychologist have led me to the view that success in financial markets is more a function of cognitive strengths than emotional/personality ones. Moreover, my experience has suggested that these cognitive strengths are domain specific, rather than domain general. That is, the skilled trader develops ways of thinking about markets that are unique and distinctive to financial markets and doesn't simply develop general reasoning skills that would lead to success across fields of performance.
An analogy would be the performance of a physician. The skilled physician picks up on symptoms, takes a good history and physical, decides upon tests to conduct, assembles the findings into one or more plausible diagnoses, conducts more tests to differentiate among the diagnostic possibilities if necessary, and eventually finds treatment options based upon the preferred diagnosis. All during this time, the skilled physician is maintaining a good rapport with the patient and engaging the patient in a supportive way, encouraging the patient to be as forthcoming with information as possible.
Should the physician get the diagnosis and treatment wrong, we would not immediately assume that emotional factors got in the way of a successful outcome. Rather, we would look for breakdowns in the physician's reasoning and decision-making process. This process is domain specific in that it is not used by professionals in other performance-related fields. The reasoning process of the chess grandmaster does not resemble that of the physician and neither resembles the reasoning of a successful daytrader.
(Notice in the case of the physician that more than one reasoning skill may be at work simultaneously. The judgments involved in sensitively engaging the patient and maintaining rapport are different from those used to navigate a decision tree for diagnosis. For a successful trader, the reasoning used to identify a worthy investment could be quite different from the reasoning used to determine when to make that investment. The skill needed to accurately diagnose a tumor is different from the surgical skill needed to remove it.)
When trading firms *have* shown interest in cognitive factors when recruiting traders, they often have looked for general competencies rather than ones specific to the trading domain. Thus, for example, they might have candidates perform a general reasoning test or they might look for good grades on a college transcript. When I was teaching full-time at the medical school in Syracuse, I was surprised by the fact that grades in college *did* predict medical school grades--but only in the first two years of classroom-based medical education. College grades and even grades in basic science courses in the initial years of medical school were not meaningful predictors of clinical performance with patients. Knowing how to study for tests did not correlate highly with knowing how to engage patients, navigate decision trees of diagnosis and treatment, and implement actual procedures.
The domain specificity of the cognitive processes that contribute to successful trading performance helps to explain one observation that has always struck me. Traders trained in classroom-like settings (or left to their own devices to learn trading through reading books and watching screens) rarely achieve success.
I consistently observe the highest hit rate on trader development in situations where the new trader directly observes the experienced trader and models the behavior of that more senior professional. In other words, trading is not learned through general learning mechanisms (classrooms, study), but through very specific observation and modeling.
It is not coincidence that medical education starts in the classroom to gain basic knowledge of physiology, biochemistry, and pathology but then quickly moves to the clinics and hospital floors to allow for shadowing and direct observation of practicing physicians. You learn to treat a patient by watching competent physicians treat patients and by modeling their decision-making processes and domain specific skills. No amount of reading or self-study could help a student become a successful psychiatrist or gynecological surgeon.
The domain specificity of trading skill also helps explain why very intelligent people often don't make for very successful traders. Other traders I've known who are quite successful in markets are notably weak in their performance in other areas of life (as parents and spouses, for example, or in the conduct of their own personal finances).
Several trading firms have been known to look for potential trading stars by recruiting successful poker and video game players. They are hypothesizing that the skills specific to those performance domains are generalizable to trading. That focus on domain specificity is one of the rare pieces of recognition that it takes more than emotional discipline and awareness to succeed in trading.
All of us have two eyes, but many of us have different views. It's what happens cognitively--in our information processing--that determines how perceptions become expressed as views. Traders truly interested in developing themselves as professionals need to do what aspiring chess masters and physicians do: learn from the masters.
Further Reading: Controlling Emotions is Not the Goal of Trading Psychology
.
Posted by https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_email.gif
MONDAY, DECEMBER 11, 2006
Controlling Emotions Is NOT The Goal Of Trading Psychology
Pick up a book or magazine article about trading psychology and you're likely to find prescriptions for success based on controlling emotions and increasing discipline.
Yes, emotional arousal can interfere with performance, but does that mean that elite performance is a function of dampened emotions?
When you look at some of the greatest performers in sports--and in trading--you'll find highly competitive individuals. They are quite emotional and don't take well to losing. Lance Armstrong? Michael Jordan? Tiger Woods? Muhammad Ali? All were quite intense, emotional individuals who managed to channel their emotional drive into victory.
Conversely, I've encountered many well-balanced individuals who have sought success in trading. They don't blow up, they follow rules faithfully, and they have no intense, competitive emotional flame burning within. I've never yet seen one go on to become successful.
Can anyone watch the really successful college basketball coaches--Coach K., Jim Boeheim, Bob Knight, Tom Izzo--and attribute their success to emotional restraint? Yes, there have been emotionally reserved winners--think John Wooden and Dean Smith--but one suspects their emotionality was that of a warm mentor, not that of a cold fish.
The important ingredient in success is not emotional dampening per se, but the enhancement of concentration and focus. That is what enables people to act with sustained purpose and stay rooted in their goals.
When we review the lives of great individuals across a variety of fields--the research of Dean Keith Simonton and K. Anders Ericsson stands out in this respect--what we find is that the greats have prodigious capacities for work. They are hugely productive. They sustain effort hours at a time, day after day, week after week, year after year.
Only the ability to regularly access "the zone"--that flow state of consciousness that comes from being wholly absorbed in an activity that captures our interests, skills, and talents--can account for the amazing dedication of the Olympic athlete, the great career scientist, or the chess grand master.
Indeed, such exemplary performers can use emotion to access the zone. Michael Jordan used to provoke players on opposing teams so that they would argue and fight back. That would arouse Jordan's competitive instincts and elevate his game.
When we operate outside that "zone" and lose our focus, we are no longer activating that executive center of our brains--the frontal lobes--that control planning, judgment, and reasoning. Left with a weak executive center, we become like the person with Attention Deficit Disorder: prone to wandering attention, reduced self-control, and impulsive behavior.
That makes it look as though "emotion" and "lack of discipline" cause our trading problems.
In reality, however, these are the results of the problem; not the causes.
The goal of trading psychology is to build consciousness, not reduce emotion. The goal is to create regular access to the flow state of heightened learning and focus. Talking to a trading coach, in itself, won't accomplish that; nor will well-intentioned efforts to calm oneself or take breaks from trading.
We can only build consciousness by working on consciousness. That is why I find meditation, heart rate and galvanic skin response biofeedback, self-hypnosis, and newer methods such as hemoencephalography to be valuable tools for traders and emphasized their use in my book on the psychology of trading.
These methods don't eliminate emotion; they build minds. If we can exercise for 30 min./day and build our cardiac fitness and our physiques, maybe--just maybe--a similar commitment could strengthen our abilities to operate within life's "zone". I'll be posting more re: my personal experiments with mind training in the near future.
Have a great start to the trading week!
Brett
.Posted by Brett Steenbarger, Ph.D.at 5:53 AM
About Me
Brett Steenbarger, Ph.D.
Author of The Psychology of Trading (Wiley, 2003), Enhancing Trader Performance (Wiley, 2006), The Daily Trading Coach (Wiley, 2009), and Trading Psychology 2.0 (Wiley, 2015) with an interest in using historical patterns in markets to find a trading edge. I am also interested in performance enhancement among traders, drawing upon research from expert performers in various fields. I took a leave from blogging starting May, 2010 due to my role at a global macro hedge fund. Blogging resumed in February, 2014, along with regular posting to Twitter and StockTwits (@steenbab). I teach brief therapy as Clinical Associate Professor at SUNY Upstate in Syracuse, with a particular emphasis of solution-focused "therapies for the mentally well". Co-editor of The Art and Science of Brief Psychotherapies (American Psychiatric Press, 2012).
View my complete profile
TraderFeed
Exploiting the edge from historical market patterns
MONDAY, MARCH 06, 2017
Readings to Expand Our Trading Horizons
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vNuVkHy4S...eLandscape.jpg
That's the beauty of gathering informed perspectives from across the financial world: we gain perspective by standing apart from our own views. Here are some great readings I've recently come across:
* Investment advice from the world's greatest stock picker and what it means for the financial world. This is very relevant for the retirement money you don't trade and put at day-to-day risk in markets but yet hope to build.
* Why momentum is the premier anomaly in stock pricing and other great perspectives from Abnormal Returns.
* An eye-opening assessment of why smart-beta strategies might not be so intelligent. Note the interesting conclusion about complex market strategies.
* Top trading articles from Steve Burns, including one on the highs we get from making money in markets.
* A hard look at whether we can we trust academic research published in finance. While the world is crowing over how quantitative approaches have taken over the world, the truth is that the ones making money are the ones that are methodologically sound.
* Trading outcomes are just as much a result of cognitive skill as personality traits. A different view with big implications for identifying talented traders.
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 2017
A Cognitive View of Trading Psychology
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-KpnsEV7vz...0/EyesView.jpg
A common view, held among traders and coaches of traders, is that emotional factors account for the difference between trading success and trading failure. Some hold that emotions should be controlled, held in check, and made secondary to the discipline of rules. Others hold that emotions should be accepted and experienced in a mindful way and, when possible, used as information. In either case, the goal is to ensure that decision making is achieved through a proper trading process and not driven by the emotional experiences and impulses of the moment.
I believe this emotive view of trading performance is incorrect and, in fact, is not plausibly asserted in any other performance domain. No one, for example, would contend that the path to reaching grandmaster status in chess is a function of successfully dealing with one's feelings. Emotional self-control, while necessary for exemplary performance, is hardly sufficient. Very often, emotional loss of control is the result of poor performance and not its primary cause.
Consider an algorithmic trading system that has been overfit, using many predictors over a lookback period to anticipate future price behavior. Such an overfit system has negative expected returns, but hardly because emotional factors have interfered with its performance. Rather, it is generalizing from improperly derived rules, assuming that the future will rigidly replicate the past.
My years of working with traders as a performance psychologist have led me to the view that success in financial markets is more a function of cognitive strengths than emotional/personality ones. Moreover, my experience has suggested that these cognitive strengths are domain specific, rather than domain general. That is, the skilled trader develops ways of thinking about markets that are unique and distinctive to financial markets and doesn't simply develop general reasoning skills that would lead to success across fields of performance.
An analogy would be the performance of a physician. The skilled physician picks up on symptoms, takes a good history and physical, decides upon tests to conduct, assembles the findings into one or more plausible diagnoses, conducts more tests to differentiate among the diagnostic possibilities if necessary, and eventually finds treatment options based upon the preferred diagnosis. All during this time, the skilled physician is maintaining a good rapport with the patient and engaging the patient in a supportive way, encouraging the patient to be as forthcoming with information as possible.
Should the physician get the diagnosis and treatment wrong, we would not immediately assume that emotional factors got in the way of a successful outcome. Rather, we would look for breakdowns in the physician's reasoning and decision-making process. This process is domain specific in that it is not used by professionals in other performance-related fields. The reasoning process of the chess grandmaster does not resemble that of the physician and neither resembles the reasoning of a successful daytrader.
(Notice in the case of the physician that more than one reasoning skill may be at work simultaneously. The judgments involved in sensitively engaging the patient and maintaining rapport are different from those used to navigate a decision tree for diagnosis. For a successful trader, the reasoning used to identify a worthy investment could be quite different from the reasoning used to determine when to make that investment. The skill needed to accurately diagnose a tumor is different from the surgical skill needed to remove it.)
When trading firms *have* shown interest in cognitive factors when recruiting traders, they often have looked for general competencies rather than ones specific to the trading domain. Thus, for example, they might have candidates perform a general reasoning test or they might look for good grades on a college transcript. When I was teaching full-time at the medical school in Syracuse, I was surprised by the fact that grades in college *did* predict medical school grades--but only in the first two years of classroom-based medical education. College grades and even grades in basic science courses in the initial years of medical school were not meaningful predictors of clinical performance with patients. Knowing how to study for tests did not correlate highly with knowing how to engage patients, navigate decision trees of diagnosis and treatment, and implement actual procedures.
The domain specificity of the cognitive processes that contribute to successful trading performance helps to explain one observation that has always struck me. Traders trained in classroom-like settings (or left to their own devices to learn trading through reading books and watching screens) rarely achieve success.
I consistently observe the highest hit rate on trader development in situations where the new trader directly observes the experienced trader and models the behavior of that more senior professional. In other words, trading is not learned through general learning mechanisms (classrooms, study), but through very specific observation and modeling.
It is not coincidence that medical education starts in the classroom to gain basic knowledge of physiology, biochemistry, and pathology but then quickly moves to the clinics and hospital floors to allow for shadowing and direct observation of practicing physicians. You learn to treat a patient by watching competent physicians treat patients and by modeling their decision-making processes and domain specific skills. No amount of reading or self-study could help a student become a successful psychiatrist or gynecological surgeon.
The domain specificity of trading skill also helps explain why very intelligent people often don't make for very successful traders. Other traders I've known who are quite successful in markets are notably weak in their performance in other areas of life (as parents and spouses, for example, or in the conduct of their own personal finances).
Several trading firms have been known to look for potential trading stars by recruiting successful poker and video game players. They are hypothesizing that the skills specific to those performance domains are generalizable to trading. That focus on domain specificity is one of the rare pieces of recognition that it takes more than emotional discipline and awareness to succeed in trading.
All of us have two eyes, but many of us have different views. It's what happens cognitively--in our information processing--that determines how perceptions become expressed as views. Traders truly interested in developing themselves as professionals need to do what aspiring chess masters and physicians do: learn from the masters.
Further Reading: Controlling Emotions is Not the Goal of Trading Psychology
.
Posted by https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_email.gif
MONDAY, DECEMBER 11, 2006
Controlling Emotions Is NOT The Goal Of Trading Psychology
Pick up a book or magazine article about trading psychology and you're likely to find prescriptions for success based on controlling emotions and increasing discipline.
Yes, emotional arousal can interfere with performance, but does that mean that elite performance is a function of dampened emotions?
When you look at some of the greatest performers in sports--and in trading--you'll find highly competitive individuals. They are quite emotional and don't take well to losing. Lance Armstrong? Michael Jordan? Tiger Woods? Muhammad Ali? All were quite intense, emotional individuals who managed to channel their emotional drive into victory.
Conversely, I've encountered many well-balanced individuals who have sought success in trading. They don't blow up, they follow rules faithfully, and they have no intense, competitive emotional flame burning within. I've never yet seen one go on to become successful.
Can anyone watch the really successful college basketball coaches--Coach K., Jim Boeheim, Bob Knight, Tom Izzo--and attribute their success to emotional restraint? Yes, there have been emotionally reserved winners--think John Wooden and Dean Smith--but one suspects their emotionality was that of a warm mentor, not that of a cold fish.
The important ingredient in success is not emotional dampening per se, but the enhancement of concentration and focus. That is what enables people to act with sustained purpose and stay rooted in their goals.
When we review the lives of great individuals across a variety of fields--the research of Dean Keith Simonton and K. Anders Ericsson stands out in this respect--what we find is that the greats have prodigious capacities for work. They are hugely productive. They sustain effort hours at a time, day after day, week after week, year after year.
Only the ability to regularly access "the zone"--that flow state of consciousness that comes from being wholly absorbed in an activity that captures our interests, skills, and talents--can account for the amazing dedication of the Olympic athlete, the great career scientist, or the chess grand master.
Indeed, such exemplary performers can use emotion to access the zone. Michael Jordan used to provoke players on opposing teams so that they would argue and fight back. That would arouse Jordan's competitive instincts and elevate his game.
When we operate outside that "zone" and lose our focus, we are no longer activating that executive center of our brains--the frontal lobes--that control planning, judgment, and reasoning. Left with a weak executive center, we become like the person with Attention Deficit Disorder: prone to wandering attention, reduced self-control, and impulsive behavior.
That makes it look as though "emotion" and "lack of discipline" cause our trading problems.
In reality, however, these are the results of the problem; not the causes.
The goal of trading psychology is to build consciousness, not reduce emotion. The goal is to create regular access to the flow state of heightened learning and focus. Talking to a trading coach, in itself, won't accomplish that; nor will well-intentioned efforts to calm oneself or take breaks from trading.
We can only build consciousness by working on consciousness. That is why I find meditation, heart rate and galvanic skin response biofeedback, self-hypnosis, and newer methods such as hemoencephalography to be valuable tools for traders and emphasized their use in my book on the psychology of trading.
These methods don't eliminate emotion; they build minds. If we can exercise for 30 min./day and build our cardiac fitness and our physiques, maybe--just maybe--a similar commitment could strengthen our abilities to operate within life's "zone". I'll be posting more re: my personal experiments with mind training in the near future.
Have a great start to the trading week!
Brett
.Posted by Brett Steenbarger, Ph.D.at 5:53 AM
About Me
Brett Steenbarger, Ph.D.
Author of The Psychology of Trading (Wiley, 2003), Enhancing Trader Performance (Wiley, 2006), The Daily Trading Coach (Wiley, 2009), and Trading Psychology 2.0 (Wiley, 2015) with an interest in using historical patterns in markets to find a trading edge. I am also interested in performance enhancement among traders, drawing upon research from expert performers in various fields. I took a leave from blogging starting May, 2010 due to my role at a global macro hedge fund. Blogging resumed in February, 2014, along with regular posting to Twitter and StockTwits (@steenbab). I teach brief therapy as Clinical Associate Professor at SUNY Upstate in Syracuse, with a particular emphasis of solution-focused "therapies for the mentally well". Co-editor of The Art and Science of Brief Psychotherapies (American Psychiatric Press, 2012).
View my complete profile
2